decision making Statements:

    decision Making Statements are used to make a choice among a no. of options eg. to check weather the number is +ve or -ve, too find the division of Student ie. Ist, 2nd or Fail.

Types:

a) 
If condition only: It execute the statement if given condition evaluate true.

Syntax: 

  if(TRUE)
{
    Statements
}

b)
else-if: if condition evaluate is true then execute if block and if condition is false then execute else block. we can also say that it is used to make choice between 2 options only. eg. to check student is pass or fail.


Syntax: 

  if(TRUE)
{
    Statements;
}

else

{
    Statements;
}

  in this we not need to give any condition in else because else means it is opposite to the condition given in  if.

c)
Ladder If-else: Used to make choice among more than two options.
 if(condition)
{
   statement;
}
else if(condition)
{
   statement;
}

else if(condition)
{
   statement;
}
else
{
  statement;
}

d)
Nested If else: It is also used to make choice among more than 2 options. in this if-else statements are nested in if and else blocks.

Syntax:

if(condition)
     {

              if(TRUE)
                     {
                          Statements;
                      }

              else

                      {
                           Statements;
                       }

      }
else
     {

              if(TRUE)
                    {
                         Statements;
                     }

             else

                    {
                          Statements;
                    }

      }

program to check given number is positive or negative:

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
   clrscr();
   int n;
   cout<<"Enter any number\n";
   cin>>n;
   if(n<0)
     {
          cout<<"Given number is negative";
      }
   else
      {
           cout<<"Given number is positive";
       }
getch();
}